离心力和滑翔距离对于高超声速巡航飞行性能的影响

高超声速巡航飞行器(HCV)是21世纪国际空天技术竞争的焦点, 它的飞行性能可以用初始发射质量与广义有效载荷之比衡量. 文献[1]建立了该性能的耦合分析框架. 在这个框架下进一步考虑了离心力和滑翔距离两个重要因素的影响. 定量分析表明: 给定飞行距离, 对HCV飞行性能影响最大的是巡航速度, 其次是升阻比, 再次是巡航发动机比冲. 随着飞行距离的增加, 由于离心力和滑翔距离的计入, 火箭动力HCV的飞行性能大幅提高, 从近中程到远程均显著优于经典的最小能量弹道. 吸气式冲压发动机尽管比冲大幅优于火箭发动机, 但在巡航速度适用范围和飞行器升阻比方面, 均不及后者. 综合而言, 火箭动力HCV是现阶段非常有竞争力的选择.      

强震条件下高速滑坡的空间分布特征研究

5.12汶川地震引发了大量的滑坡灾害,本文以汶川地震极重灾区涉及的四川12县市为研究区域。通过详细的现场调查研究,对强震条件下的典型高速滑坡的空间分布特征进行了综合分析。从区域上看,高速滑坡明显呈带状沿龙门山断裂带展布,并主要受北川—映秀断裂控制。此外,本文还对研究区域内典型高速滑坡的滑程、剪出口高程、滑坡前后缘高差等几何要素的空间分布规律做了分析研究。     

Controlled decoherence of three-level rf-SQUID qubit with asymmetric potential

A scheme is proposed to controll the decoherence of three-level rf-SQUID qubit with asymmetric potential by designing an external electric circuit for superconductive flux qubit. The results show that it may not only raise the gate speed but also extend decoherence time for a three-level structure.     

A Note on Fundamental Limit of Quantum Dynamics Rate

The unified bound on the fundamental limit of quantum dynamics rate, as quietly recently obtained by Levitin and Toffoli [Phys. Rev. Lett. 103 (2009) 160502], is improved and refined. The improvement may be arbitrarily large in certain cases. In particular, this puts a limit on the operation rate of quantumgates allowed by quantum mechanics.     

上海中心大厦脉动风荷载模拟研究

风荷载是超高层建筑设计的主要荷载之一,对超高层建筑进行风振时程分析能更准确和直观地了解结构风振响应的特性.为了进行风振响应时程分析,必须较为准确地模拟作用在结构上的脉动风荷载.首先,本文采用基于自回归(AR)模型的线性滤波法对上海中心大厦场地的脉动风速时程进行了数值模拟,通过检验模拟脉动风速的功率谱和相干函数平方根与目标值的吻合程度,验证了基于AR模型模拟超高层建筑脉动风速时程的可行性.然后,本文考虑了上海中心大厦外形向上扭转收缩的特点,由模拟的脉动风速时程计算生成作用在结构上的脉动风荷载.     

Computing with a single qubit faster than the computation quantum speed limit

The possibility to save and process information in fundamentally indistinguishable states is the quantum mechanical resource that is not encountered in classical computing. I demonstrate that, if energy constraints are imposed, this resource can be used to accelerate information-processing without relying on entanglement or any other type of quantum correlations. In fact, there are computational problems that can be solved much faster, in comparison to currently used classical schemes, by saving intermediate information in nonorthogonal states of just a single qubit. There are also error correction strategies that protect such computations.     

低真空管道列车表面压力变化规律研究

既有高速铁路进一步提速受限,构建低真空管道运行超高速列车的发展趋势日益明显.运用滑移网格技术,建立动车组列车和低真空管道的三维耦合模型,考虑管道气体的瞬态压缩效应,分析低真空管道横截面积、动车组列车运行速度、管道环境温度和环境压力对车体表面压力的影响.研究表明,低真空管道横截面积、动车组列车运行速度、管道环境温度和环境...     

Quantum speedup via engineering multiple environments

Evolution speed of an open quantum system is vividly influenced by the structure of environments. The strong system‐environment coupling is found to be able to accelerate quantum evolution. In this work, we propose a different method of governing the quantum speedup via engineering multiple environments. It is shown that, with a judicious choice of the number of coupling environments, the quantum speedup of an open system can be achieved even under weak system‐environment coupling conditions. The mechanism for the speedup is due to the switch between Markovian and non‐Markovian regions by manipulating the number of the surrounding environments. In addition, we verify the above phenomena by using quantum dots embedded in a planar photonic crystal under current technologies. These results provide a new degree of freedoms to accelerate quantum evolution of open systems. The strong system‐environment coupling can speed up the quantum evolution process. This work shows that, via engineering multiple environments, one can speed up the evolution process even under weak coupling conditions.     

基于自适应尺度的TLD目标跟踪算法

为提升TLD目标跟踪算法的每帧处理速度,以达到在更高分辨率视频中跟踪目标的实时性要求,在TLD算法框架的基础上,提出了一种基于自适应尺度检测学习的目标跟踪算法(AS-TLD)。当跟踪目标成功时,选取当前帧跟踪到的目标尺度及几个相邻的尺度作为下帧检测目标时滑动窗口尺度的选取范围;而当跟踪失败时,则选取在TLD算法初始化阶段,根据跟踪目标及视频图像大小选定的尺度来保障长时间跟踪目标,从而有效减少了平均每帧扫描的窗口数量。实验结果表明,该方法不仅有效地降低了检测模块的检测时间,显著提高了整体算法速度,而且通过动态选取尺度,在一定程度使得TLD各个模块更加协调,跟踪精确度得到提升。     

基于光学散射特性的失稳空间目标旋转分析

本文提出了基于光学散射特性的失稳空间目标旋转速率实验模拟方案以及数据处理方法,解决了失稳空间目标旋转速率反演的问题。实验构造了模拟真实光学观测的测试系统,使得卫星模型姿态、太阳方位、探测器观测角均与STK模拟场景相同,并模拟了低轨STSS卫星失稳条件下的探测过程,获取了多个周期的探测数据。通过频谱分析法、自相关法、交叉残差法处理实验数据,发现三种方法都可以成功反演出卫星模型的旋转速率,但交叉残差法受干扰较小,结果更准确。通过本文的工作,为今后通过光学散射特性反演真实卫星旋转速率提供了依据。